IP to Binary Converter
Convert IPv4 addresses to binary and hex notation, and decode subnet masks.
Octet Breakdown
| Octet 1 | Octet 2 | Octet 3 | Octet 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Decimal | 192 | 168 | 1 | 1 |
| Binary | 11000000 | 10101000 | 00000001 | 00000001 |
| Hex | C0 | A8 | 01 | 01 |
Full Representations
Full binary11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001
Full hexC0.A8.01.01
32-bit integer3232235777
Subnet Info (/24)
Subnet mask255.255.255.0
Mask binary11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
Network address192.168.1.0
Broadcast address192.168.1.255
IP to Binary Converter — decode IPv4 addresses into binary and hex
Every IPv4 address is a 32-bit number split into four 8-bit octets. This converter shows each octet in decimal, binary (8 bits), and hexadecimal, plus the full dotted-binary and 32-bit integer representations. Enter an optional CIDR prefix length (e.g. /24) to also compute the subnet mask, network address (IP AND mask), and broadcast address (IP OR NOT mask) — essential for network planning and subnetting practice.
Built and maintained by Meet Shah · Last updated
What this tool is used for
- Seeing the bit pattern of an address to work out where a subnet boundary falls.
- Decoding a subnet mask to count the prefix length.
- Checking whether two addresses share a network by comparing their masked bits.
- Teaching subnetting by showing the octets as bits.
- Confirming a mask is contiguous, which a valid mask must be.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What does the binary view show me?
- The 32 bits an IPv4 address actually is. Dotted decimal is a human convenience layered over one 32-bit integer — 192.168.1.1 is 11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001 — and seeing it that way is what makes subnet masks stop looking arbitrary.
- How are the network and broadcast addresses derived?
- Bitwise. The network address is the IP ANDed with the mask, so every host bit becomes 0; the broadcast is the IP ORed with the mask's complement, so every host bit becomes 1. A /24 gives 256 addresses of which 254 are usable, because those two are reserved.
- What does the CIDR number mean?
- How many leading bits are the network. /24 means the first 24 are fixed and the last 8 identify the host, which is 2⁸ = 256 addresses. Each step down doubles the block: /23 is 512, /22 is 1024. The mask is those bits in dotted decimal — /24 is 255.255.255.0.
- Why is 192.168.001.1 rejected?
- Because a leading zero is ambiguous and dangerous. `inet_aton` and several C libraries read `010` as OCTAL 8, so the same string names different hosts to different parsers — the mechanism behind a long line of SSRF filter bypasses. Refusing it is the only reading that cannot be wrong.
- Does it accept a partial address like 1.2.3.?
- No. A trailing empty part used to be read as 0 because `Number("")` is 0, so `1.2.3.` became 1.2.3.0 and a bare `...` became 0.0.0.0 — a string with no digits in it at all, reported as valid with a full binary expansion. Every part must now be one to three decimal digits.
Common errors and gotchas
- Dropping leading zeros within an octet, which misaligns every bit after it.
- Assuming a mask can have gaps. A valid subnet mask is a run of ones followed by a run of zeros.
- Confusing the network address with the first usable host address.
- Reading the prefix length as a byte count rather than a bit count.
- Treating an octet's leading zero as octal, which changes the address in some parsers.
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